Uhulumeni waseHungary usanda kumemezela ukwanda kwama-forint ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-30 ngokusekelwe ohlelweni lwezimoto zikagesi oluxhaswe ngama-forint ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-60, ukuze kukhuthazwe ukuthandwa kwezimoto zikagesi eHungary ngokunikeza izibonelelo zokuthenga izimoto kanye nemali mboleko yesaphulelo ukusekela amabhizinisi ukuthenga izimoto zikagesi.
Uhulumeni waseHungary umemezele isamba sama-forints ayizigidigidi ezingama-90 (cishe ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-237) sohlelo lokusekela izimoto zikagesi, okuqukethwe kwawo okuyinhloko kufaka phakathi, okokuqala, kusukela ngoFebhuwari 2024, uzokwethula ngokusemthethweni ama-forints ayizigidigidi ezingama-40 ezibonelelo zikahulumeni ukusekela amabhizinisi ukuthenga izimoto zikagesi, amabhizinisi asekhaya aseHungary angakhetha ngokuzimela ukuthenga izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimoto zikagesi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izibonelelo zihlukaniswa ngokwenani labasebenzi kanye nomthamo webhethri wezimoto zikagesi. Inani elincane loxhaso lwenkampani ngayinye yi-forints eziyizigidi ezingu-2.8 kanti inani eliphezulu yi-forints eziyizigidi ezingama-64. Okwesibili ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zemalimboleko yesaphulelo senzalo yezinkampani ezihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zezimoto ezifana nokuqasha nokwabelana ngezimoto zikagesi. Eminyakeni emibili nengxenye ezayo, izotshala ama-forints ayizigidigidi ezingama-30 ekwakhiweni kweziteshi zokushaja ezinomthamo ophezulu ezingama-260 kunethiwekhi yemigwaqo kazwelonke, kufaka phakathi iziteshi zokushaja ezintsha ezingama-92 zeTesla.
Uhulumeni waseHungary usanda kumemezela ukwanda kwama-forint ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-30 ngokusekelwe ohlelweni lwezimoto zikagesi oluxhaswe ngama-forint ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-60, ukuze kukhuthazwe ukuthandwa kwezimoto zikagesi eHungary ngokunikeza izibonelelo zokuthenga izimoto kanye nemali mboleko yesaphulelo ukusekela amabhizinisi ukuthenga izimoto zikagesi.
Uhulumeni waseHungary umemezele isamba sama-forints ayizigidigidi ezingama-90 (cishe ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-237) sohlelo lokusekela izimoto zikagesi, okuqukethwe kwawo okuyinhloko kufaka phakathi, okokuqala, kusukela ngoFebhuwari 2024, uzokwethula ngokusemthethweni ama-forints ayizigidigidi ezingama-40 ezibonelelo zikahulumeni ukusekela amabhizinisi ukuthenga izimoto zikagesi, amabhizinisi asekhaya aseHungary angakhetha ngokuzimela ukuthenga izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimoto zikagesi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izibonelelo zihlukaniswa ngokwenani labasebenzi kanye nomthamo webhethri wezimoto zikagesi. Inani elincane loxhaso lwenkampani ngayinye yi-forints eziyizigidi ezingu-2.8 kanti inani eliphezulu yi-forints eziyizigidi ezingama-64. Okwesibili ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zemalimboleko yesaphulelo senzalo yezinkampani ezihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zezimoto ezifana nokuqasha nokwabelana ngezimoto zikagesi. Eminyakeni emibili nengxenye ezayo, izotshala ama-forints ayizigidigidi ezingama-30 ekwakhiweni kweziteshi zokushaja ezinomthamo ophezulu ezingama-260 kunethiwekhi yemigwaqo kazwelonke, kufaka phakathi iziteshi zokushaja ezintsha ezingama-92 zeTesla.
Ukuqaliswa kwalolu hlelo akunconywa kuphela ngabakhiqizi bezimoto zikagesi, okuzokhuthaza kakhulu ukukhula kokukhiqizwa kwezimoto zikagesi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, amabhizinisi ngamanye, izinkampani zamatekisi, izinkampani zokwabelana ngezimoto, njll., nazo zizozuza ezixhasweni zokuthenga izimoto zikagesi ngamanani ancishisiwe, okusiza ekunciphiseni izindleko zokusebenza kwenkampani.
Abanye abahlaziyi bakholelwa ukuthi ngaphezu kokudlala indima ebalulekile ekulweni nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nokuzimela kwamandla, uhlelo lukahulumeni waseHungary lokuxhasa izimoto zikagesi luzoba nemiphumela emibili efinyelela kude emnothweni waseHungary. Omunye ukuxhumanisa izinhlangothi zokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa kwemboni yezimoto zikagesi. IHungary ihlose ukuba ngumkhiqizi omkhulu wamabhethri kagesi eYurophu, kanye nabakhiqizi bamabhethri kagesi abahlanu abaphezulu emhlabeni abayi-10 asebevele baseHungary. Isabelo sezimoto zikagesi saseHungary emakethe yezimoto ezintsha sikhuphuke safinyelela ngaphezu kuka-6%, kodwa kusenesikhala esikhulu kusuka esabelweni sezimoto zikagesi eNtshonalanga Yurophu esingaphezu kuka-12%, kunendawo enkulu yokuthuthukiswa, manje ohlangothini lokukhiqiza kanye nohlangothi lwabathengi lokusebenza ndawonye ukukhuthaza intuthuko iyonke yendlela yokusebenza kwemboni yezimoto zikagesi.
Okunye ukuthi inethiwekhi yeziteshi zokushaja "ixhunywe kuzwelonke". Inethiwekhi kazwelonke yeziteshi zokushaja ibalulekile ekukhuthazeni intuthuko yemboni yezimoto zikagesi. Ekupheleni kuka-2022, kwakuneziteshi zokushaja ezingu-2,147 eHungary, ukwanda okungu-14% unyaka nonyaka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inani lohlelo lwezimoto zikagesi oluxhasayo ukuthi lungasiza iminyango eminingi ukuthi ihlanganyele emkhakheni wezimoto zikagesi. Isibonelo, izindawo zokushaja ezilula nazo zizoba yindawo ekhangayo yohambo lomgwaqo lwaseYurophu, oluzoba nomthelela omuhle embonini yezokuvakasha yaseHungary.
IHungary ingaqalisa uhla oluphelele lwezibonelelo zezimoto zikagesi, isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi ngoDisemba 2023, i-European Union ekugcineni yavuma ukukhipha ingxenye yezimali ze-EU zaseHungary, isigaba sokuqala sama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-10.2, esizokhishwa eHungary kusukela ngoJanuwari 2024 kuya ku-2025.
Okwesibili, ukululama komnotho waseHungary kufinyelele imiphumela emangalisayo, kunciphisa ubunzima besabelomali sikazwelonke futhi kwakhulisa ukuzethemba kokutshalwa kwezimali. I-GDP yaseHungary ikhule ngo-0.9% ikota nekota kwikota yesithathu ka-2023, yadlula okulindelwe futhi kwaphawula ukuphela kokwehla komnotho okuthathe unyaka wonke. Okwamanje, izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali laseHungary ngoNovemba 2023 lalingu-7.9%, okuyizinga eliphansi kakhulu kusukela ngoMeyi 2022. Izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali laseHungary lehle laya ku-9.9% ngo-Okthoba 2023, lahlangabezana nomgomo kahulumeni wokulawula ukwehla kwamandla emali kube yizinombolo ezilodwa ekupheleni konyaka. Ibhange eliphakathi laseHungary liqhubekile nokunciphisa izinga lenzalo yalo, lalehlisa ngamaphuzu angama-75 ayisisekelo laya ku-10.75%.
Okwesithathu, iHungary yenze imizamo ecacile yokuthuthukisa izimboni ezihlobene nezimoto zikagesi. Njengamanje, imboni yezimoto ikhiqiza u-20% wezimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle eHungary kanye no-8% womkhiqizo wayo wezomnotho, kanti uhulumeni waseHungary ukholelwa ukuthi izimboni ezihlobene nezimoto zikagesi zizoba umgogodla womnotho womhlaba esikhathini esizayo. Ikusasa lomnotho waseHungary lizobuswa amandla aluhlaza, futhi imboni yezimoto zendabuko kumele iguqulwe ibe yizimoto zikagesi. Imboni yezimoto yaseHungary izoshintshela ngokuphelele emandleni ebhethri. Ngakho-ke, kusukela ngo-2016, iHungary yaqala ukwakha uhlelo lokuthuthukisa izimoto zikagesi, uMnyango Wezamandla waseHungary ngo-2023 ukuthuthukisa inqubomgomo entsha yokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aluhlaza manje usengaphansi kokubonisana, ukhuthaza ngokusobala ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile, okubonisa ukuthi iyithuluzi elinqumayo embonini yezokuthutha eziluhlaza, ngenkathi iphakamisa ukukhansela imvume yepuleti lelayisensi eluhlaza yezimoto zikagesi ezihlanganisiwe.
IHungary yethule uxhaso lokuthenga izimoto zikagesi kusukela ngo-2021 kuya ku-2022, ngesamba soxhaso esiphelele sama-forint ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu, kuyilapho ukuthenga izimoto zikagesi nakho kujabulela ukukhululwa enteleni yengeniso yomuntu siqu kanye nemali yokupaka yamahhala ezindaweni zokupaka zomphakathi kanye nezinye izikhuthazo, okwenza izimoto zikagesi zithandwe eHungary. Ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi kukhuphuke ngo-57% ngo-2022, kanti idatha kaJuni 2023 ibonise ukuthi inani lezimoto eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eHungary, okuhlanganisa nezimoto ezihlanganisiwe ze-plug-in, lidlule ku-74,000, lapho ezingu-41,000 kuzo zaziyizimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile.
Amabhasi kagesi nawo angena emkhakheni wezokuthutha zomphakathi eHungary, kanti uhulumeni waseHungary uhlela ukufaka esikhundleni samabhasi kaphethiloli angu-50% ngamabhasi asebenzisa uphethiloli omncane emadolobheni amakhulu aseHungary esikhathini esizayo. Ngo-Okthoba 2023, iHungary yethule inqubo yokuqala yokuthengwa komphakathi yokusebenza kwezinsizakalo zomphakathi zamabhasi kagesi, futhi kusukela ngo-2025, imikhumbi yamabhasi enhloko-dolobha iBudapest izoba namabhasi esimanje angu-50, anobungani nemvelo, asebenza ngogesi ngokugcwele, futhi abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo nabo kuzodingeka babe nesibopho sokuklama nokusebenza kwengqalasizinda yokushaja. Njengamanje, idolobha laseBudapest lisenamabhasi amadala acishe abe ngu-300 adinga ukushintshwa, futhi likhetha ukuthenga izimoto ezingakhiphi ugesi emkhakheni wezokuthutha zomphakathi, futhi lithole ukuvuselelwa kwamabhasi kagesi njengomgomo wesikhathi eside.
Ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko zokushaja, uhulumeni waseHungary wethule inqubomgomo yokusekela ukufakwa kwezinhlelo zamandla elanga emakhaya kusukela ngoJanuwari 2024, okusiza imindeni ukuthi ikhiqize, igcine futhi isebenzise amandla aluhlaza. Uhulumeni waseHungary uphinde wasebenzisa inqubomgomo yoxhaso lwemali engu-62 billion forints ukukhuthaza amabhizinisi ukuthi akhe izindawo zawo zokugcina amandla aluhlaza. Izinkampani zingathola ukwesekwa kwezezimali kuhulumeni uma nje zisebenzisa izindawo zokugcina amandla futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi zingasebenza okungenani iminyaka eyi-10. Lezi zindawo zokugcina amandla zihlelelwe ukuqedwa ngoMeyi 2026, futhi zizokwandisa izinga lokugcina amandla okuzenzela ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-20 uma kuqhathaniswa nezinga lamanje eHungary.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-08-2024
