Iqhutywa zizithuthi ezintsha zamandla, izinga lokukhula kweshishini lezikhululo zokutshaja eTshayina liyaqhubeka nokukhawulezisa. Uphuhliso lweshishini lezikhululo zokutshaja kulindeleke ukuba lukhawuleze kwakhona kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo. Izizathu zezi zilandelayo:
1) izinga lokungena kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla eTshayina liza kunyuka ngakumbi, kwaye lisenokufikelela kwi-45% ngo-2025;
2) umlinganiselo wesikhululo sezithuthi uya kuncipha ngakumbi ukusuka kwi-2.5:1 ukuya kwi-2:1;
3) Amazwe aseYurophu naseMelika ayaqhubeka nokwandisa inkxaso yemigaqo-nkqubo yezithuthi ezintsha zamandla, kwaye iimarike zaseYurophu naseMelika kulindeleke ukuba zigcine amazinga aphezulu okukhula kwixesha elizayo;
4) umlinganiselo wezithuthi kumazwe aseYurophu naseMelika usephezulu, kwaye kukho indawo enkulu yokwehla.
Kule meko, iinkampani zaseTshayina zifuna ngamandla ukungena kwiimarike zaseYurophu naseMelika, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba zonyuse isabelo sazo semarike yehlabathi ngexabiso eliphezulu.
Ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kokuthengiswa kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha sesona sizathu siphambili sokukhula kwezikhululo zokutshaja. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ishishini lezithuthi zamandla amatsha laseTshayina lingene kwinqanaba lophuhliso olukhawulezileyo olukumgangatho ophezulu noluphezulu, kwaye amandla aphambili ophuhliso lweshishini atshintshe kwimigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente ukuya kwimfuno yemarike. Itekhnoloji yezithuthi zamandla amatsha iya isiba mdala ngakumbi, kwaye inani lezithuthi zombane ezicocekileyo liyaqhubeka nokukhula. Ukusukela ngo-2022, umthamo wokuthengisa wezithuthi zombane ezicocekileyo unyuke waya kwi-5.365 yezigidi, kwaye inani lezithuthi lifikelele kwi-13.1 yezigidi. Ngokutsho kwe-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, umthamo wokuthengisa wezithuthi zamandla amatsha eTshayina kulindeleke ukuba ufikelele kwi-9 yezigidi ngo-2023.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukwakhiwa kwezikhululo zokutshaja eTshayina kukhule ngokukhawuleza. Ngo-2022, ukwanda kweziseko zokutshaja ngonyaka bekuziiyunithi ezizizigidi eziyi-2.593, phakathi kwazo izikhululo zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke zinyuke nge-91.6% unyaka nonyaka, kwaye izikhululo zokutshaja zabucala ezihamba nezithuthi zinyuke nge-225.5% unyaka nonyaka. Ukusukela ngoDisemba ka-2022, inani eliqokelelweyo leziseko zokutshaja eTshayina yayiziiyunithi ezizizigidi eziyi-5.21, ukunyuka konyaka nonyaka kwe-99.1%.
Isithuthi esitsha samandla kwiimarike zaseYurophu naseMelika sigcine izinga lokukhula eliphezulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ngokwedatha kaMarklines, ngo-2021, izithuthi ezintsha zamandla ezizizigidi ezi-2.2097 zithengisiwe kumazwe amakhulu aseYurophu, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka kwe-73%. Izithuthi ezintsha zamandla ezingama-666,000 zithengisiwe e-United States, ukunyuka konyaka nonyaka kwe-100%. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amazwe aseYurophu naseMelika aye andisa inkxaso yawo yemigaqo-nkqubo yezithuthi ezintsha zamandla, kwaye iimarike zezithuthi zamandla ezintsha zaseYurophu naseMelika kulindeleke ukuba zigcine amazinga okukhula aphezulu kwixesha elizayo. I-International Energy Agency iqikelela ukuba ukuthengiswa kwezithuthi zombane kwihlabathi jikelele kulindeleke ukuba kufikelele phantse kwi-14 yezigidi ngo-2023. Oku kukhula okukhulu kuthetha ukuba isabelo sezithuthi zombane kwimarike yeemoto iyonke sinyuke ukusuka malunga ne-4% ngo-2020 ukuya kwi-14% ngo-2022, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba sinyuke ngakumbi siye kwi-18% ngo-2023.
Izinga lokukhula kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla eYurophu nase-United States likhawuleza kakhulu, kwaye umlinganiselo wezithuthi zikawonke-wonke kwizikhululo zokutshaja uhlala uphezulu. Inkqubela phambili yokwakha izitishi zokutshaja eYurophu nase-United States isemva kakhulu, kwaye umlinganiselo wezithuthi kwizikhululo zokutshaja uphezulu kakhulu kunowaseTshayina. Umlinganiselo wezithuthi-kwizikhululo eYurophu ngo-2019, 2020, nango-2021 yi-8.5, 11.7, kunye ne-15.4, ngokwahlukeneyo, ngelixa owase-United States uyi-18.8, 17.6, kunye ne-17.7. Ke ngoko, umlinganiselo wezithuthi-kwizikhululo eYurophu nase-United States unendawo enkulu yokwehla, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba kusekho indawo eninzi yophuhliso kuluhlu lweshishini lezitishi zokutshaja.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-05-2023
