Guverinoma ya Hongiriya iherutse gutangaza ko yongereye miliyari 30 z'ama-forint hashingiwe kuri gahunda ya miliyari 60 z'ama-forints yo gutanga inkunga ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, kugira ngo iteze imbere gukundwa kw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi muri Hongiriya binyuze mu gutanga inkunga yo kugura imodoka no kugabanyirizwa inguzanyo zo gushyigikira ibigo bigura imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Guverinoma ya Hongiriya yatangaje ko igiye gutanga inkunga y’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ingana na miliyari 90 (hafi miliyoni 237 z’amayero), ibikubiye muri gahunda yayo y’ingenzi birimo, icya mbere, guhera muri Gashyantare 2024, izatangiza ku mugaragaro inkunga ya leta ingana na miliyari 40 zo gushyigikira ibigo bigura imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, ibigo byo mu gihugu muri Hongiriya bishobora guhitamo kugura ubwoko butandukanye bw’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ku giti cyabyo. Muri icyo gihe, inkunga ishyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe umubare w’abakozi n’ubushobozi bw’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi. Inkunga ntarengwa kuri buri sosiyete ni miliyoni 2.8 z’inguzanyo naho ntarengwa ni miliyoni 64 z’inguzanyo. Icya kabiri ni ugutanga inkunga y’inyungu ku nguzanyo igabanyirizwa ku bigo bitanga serivisi z’imodoka nko gukodesha no gusangira imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi. Mu myaka ibiri n’igice iri imbere, izashora miliyari 30 z’inguzanyo mu kubaka sitasiyo 260 zikoresha amashanyarazi menshi ku mihanda y’igihugu, harimo sitasiyo 92 nshya za Tesla zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Guverinoma ya Hongiriya iherutse gutangaza ko yongereye miliyari 30 z'ama-forint hashingiwe kuri gahunda ya miliyari 60 z'ama-forints yo gutanga inkunga ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, kugira ngo iteze imbere gukundwa kw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi muri Hongiriya binyuze mu gutanga inkunga yo kugura imodoka no kugabanyirizwa inguzanyo zo gushyigikira ibigo bigura imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Guverinoma ya Hongiriya yatangaje ko igiye gutanga inkunga y’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ingana na miliyari 90 (hafi miliyoni 237 z’amayero), ibikubiye muri gahunda yayo y’ingenzi birimo, icya mbere, guhera muri Gashyantare 2024, izatangiza ku mugaragaro inkunga ya leta ingana na miliyari 40 zo gushyigikira ibigo bigura imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, ibigo byo mu gihugu muri Hongiriya bishobora guhitamo kugura ubwoko butandukanye bw’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ku giti cyabyo. Muri icyo gihe, inkunga ishyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe umubare w’abakozi n’ubushobozi bw’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi. Inkunga ntarengwa kuri buri sosiyete ni miliyoni 2.8 z’inguzanyo naho ntarengwa ni miliyoni 64 z’inguzanyo. Icya kabiri ni ugutanga inkunga y’inyungu ku nguzanyo igabanyirizwa ku bigo bitanga serivisi z’imodoka nko gukodesha no gusangira imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi. Mu myaka ibiri n’igice iri imbere, izashora miliyari 30 z’inguzanyo mu kubaka sitasiyo 260 zikoresha amashanyarazi menshi ku mihanda y’igihugu, harimo sitasiyo 92 nshya za Tesla zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Itangizwa ry'iyi gahunda ntirishimwa gusa n'inganda zikora imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, ibyo bizateza imbere cyane iterambere ry'umusaruro w'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, icyarimwe, ibigo byigenga, amasosiyete ya tagisi, amasosiyete acuruza imodoka, n'ibindi, bizanazungukira ku nkunga yo kugura imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ku giciro gito, bigafasha kugabanya ikiguzi cy'imikorere y'ikigo.
Bamwe mu basesenguzi bemeza ko uretse kugira uruhare runini mu kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere no kwigenga ku ngufu, gahunda ya guverinoma ya Hongiriya yo gutera inkunga imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi izagira ingaruka ebyiri zikomeye ku bukungu bwa Hongiriya. Imwe ni uguhuza impande z'umusaruro n'ikoreshwa ry'inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi. Hongiriya ifite intego yo kuba ikigo kinini gitanga bateri z'amashanyarazi mu Burayi, aho batanu mu batanga bateri 10 ba mbere ku isi basanzwe bakorera muri Hongiriya. Igice cy'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi muri Hongiriya ku isoko rishya ry'imodoka cyazamutse kigera ku kigero kirenga 6%, ariko haracyari icyuho kinini ugereranyije n'umubare w'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi mu Burayi bw'Iburengerazuba kirenga 12%, hari umwanya munini wo gutera imbere, ubu ku ruhande rw'umusaruro no ku ruhande rw'abaguzi ngo bafatanye guteza imbere iterambere rusange ry'inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi ryarashyizweho.
Ikindi ni uko urusobe rw'ibiro by'amashanyarazi rurimo "guhuzwa n'igihugu cyose". Urusobe rw'ibiro by'amashanyarazi mu gihugu hose ni ingenzi mu guteza imbere iterambere ry'inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi. Mu mpera za 2022, muri Hongiriya hari ibiro by'amashanyarazi 2.147, byiyongereyeho 14% buri mwaka. Muri icyo gihe, agaciro ka gahunda y'inkunga y'ibiro by'amashanyarazi ni uko ishobora gufasha amashami menshi kwitabira ibijyanye n'ibiro by'amashanyarazi. Urugero, ahantu horoshye ho gushyushya bizaba ahantu hakurura cyane ingendo zo mu Burayi, bizagira ingaruka nziza ku bukerarugendo bwa Hongiriya.
Hongiriya ishobora gushyira mu bikorwa inkunga yose igenewe imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, impamvu nyamukuru ni uko mu Kuboza 2023, Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi waje kwemera gufunga igice cy’inkunga ya Hongiriya y’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, igice cya mbere cy’amafaranga agera kuri miliyari 10.2 z’amayero, azatangwa muri Hongiriya kuva muri Mutarama 2024 kugeza 2025.
Icya kabiri, ubukungu bwa Hongiriya bwazamutse neza, bigabanya ingorane mu ngengo y'imari y'igihugu no kongera icyizere cy'ishoramari. Umusaruro rusange wa Hongiriya wiyongereyeho 0.9% mu gihembwe mu gihembwe cya gatatu cya 2023, urenga ibyo wari witeze, urangira ihungabana ry'ubukungu ryari ryaratangiye umwaka wose. Hagati aho, igipimo cy'izamuka ry'ibiciro muri Hongiriya mu Gushyingo 2023 cyari 7.9%, kikaba ari cyo gito cyane kuva muri Gicurasi 2022. Igipimo cy'izamuka ry'ibiciro muri Hongiriya cyagabanutseho 9.9% mu Ukwakira 2023, bigeza ku ntego ya leta yo kugenzura izamuka ry'ibiciro ku mibare imwe mu mpera z'umwaka. Banki nkuru ya Hongiriya yakomeje kugabanya igipimo cy'inyungu, icyigabanyaho amanota 75 kugeza kuri 10.75%.
Icya gatatu, Hongiriya yashyize imbaraga mu guteza imbere inganda zijyanye n’ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi. Kuri ubu, inganda zitwara imodoka zigize 20% by’ibyo Hongiriya yohereza mu mahanga na 8% by’umusaruro wayo mu bukungu, kandi guverinoma ya Hongiriya yizera ko inganda zijyanye n’ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi zizaba inkingi y’ubukungu bw’isi mu gihe kizaza. Ahazaza h’ubukungu bwa Hongiriya hagomba kugengwa n’ingufu zikoresha amashanyarazi, kandi inganda zisanzwe zikoresha imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zigomba guhinduka imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi. Inganda zikoresha imodoka za Hongiriya zizahinduka burundu zigakoresha batiri. Kubwibyo, kuva mu 2016, Hongiriya yatangiye gushyiraho gahunda y’iterambere ry’ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi, Minisiteri y’Ingufu ya Hongiriya mu 2023 yashyizeho politiki nshya yo gushishikariza ikoreshwa ry’ingufu zikoresha amashanyarazi ubu irimo kugishwa inama, ishishikariza ikoreshwa ry’ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi, bigaragaza ko ari igikoresho gikomeye ku nganda zitwara abagenzi zikoresha amashanyarazi, mu gihe itanga igitekerezo cyo guhagarika uruhushya rwa plaque y’icyatsi kibisi ku binyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi bivanze.
Hongiriya yashyizeho inkunga yo kugura imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi kuva mu 2021 kugeza 2022, hamwe n’inkunga ingana na miliyari 3 z’inyongera, mu gihe kugura imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi binasonerwa imisoro ku nyungu z’umuntu ku giti cye ndetse n’amafaranga yo guparika ku buntu mu bipari bya leta n’ibindi bitera inkunga, bituma imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zikundwa cyane muri Hongiriya. Igurishwa ry’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ryiyongereyeho 57% mu 2022, kandi amakuru yo muri Kamena 2023 yagaragaje ko umubare w’imodoka zifite purake y’icyatsi kibisi muri Hongiriya, harimo n’imodoka zivanze, zarenze 74.000, muri zo 41.000 zari imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi gusa.
Bisi zikoresha amashanyarazi nazo zinjira mu rwego rwo gutwara abantu muri Hongiriya, kandi guverinoma ya Hongiriya irateganya gusimbuza 50% bya bisi zikoresha lisansi gakondo na bisi zikoresha lisansi nke mu mijyi minini ya Hongiriya mu gihe kizaza. Mu Kwakira 2023, Hongiriya yatangije gahunda ya mbere yo gutanga amasoko ya leta mu mikorere ya serivisi za leta ku mabisi akoresha amashanyarazi, kandi kuva mu 2025, bisi zo mu murwa mukuru wa Budapest zizaba zifite bisi 50 zigezweho, zitangiza ibidukikije, kandi abatanga serivisi nabo bagomba kuba bashinzwe igishushanyo mbonera n'imikorere y'ibikorwa remezo byo kwishyuza. Kuri ubu, umujyi wa Budapest uracyafite bisi zigera kuri 300 zishaje zigomba gusimburwa, kandi ukunda kugura imodoka zikoresha lisansi mu rwego rwo gutwara abantu, kandi wasanze kuvugurura bisi zikoresha amashanyarazi ari intego y'igihe kirekire.
Mu rwego rwo kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kwishyuza, guverinoma ya Hongiriya yatangije politiki yo gushyigikira ishyirwaho ry’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba mu ngo kuva muri Mutarama 2024, ifasha ingo gukora, kubika no gukoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba. Guverinoma ya Hongiriya yanashyize mu bikorwa politiki y’inkunga ya miliyari 62 z’ingufu kugira ngo ishishikarize ibigo kwiyubakira ahantu ho kubika ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba. Ibigo bishobora kubona inkunga y’imari ya leta mu gihe cyose bikoresha aho kubika ingufu kandi bikagenzura ko bishobora gukora nibura imyaka 10. Ibi bigo biteganijwe kurangira bitarenze Gicurasi 2026, kandi bizongera urwego rw’aho kubika ingufu byiyubakiyeho inshuro zirenga 20 ugereranije n’urwego ruriho ubu muri Hongiriya.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-08-2024
