Ku ya 6 Nzeri 2023
Amakuru yashyizwe ahagaragara na China National Railway Group Co., Ltd. agaragaza ko mu gice cya mbere cya 2023, imodoka nshya zikoreshwa mu bushinwa zigura ingufu zageze kuri miliyoni 3.747; urwego rwa gari ya moshi rwatwaye imodoka zisaga 475.000, byongeyeho "ingufu z'icyuma" mu iterambere ryihuse ry'inganda nshya zikoresha ingufu.
Bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’ibyifuzo byo kohereza no gutwara ibinyabiziga bishya bikoresha ingufu, ishami rya gari ya moshi ryakoresheje neza ubushobozi bwo gutwara abantu bwa gari ya moshi ya China-Europe Railway Express, gari ya moshi ya Western Land-Sea New Corridor, na gari ya moshi ya China-Laos itwara imizigo mu rwego rwo gukora ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga ku bigo by’imodoka by’Abashinwa na "Made in China" Go out no gufungura urukurikirane rw’imiyoboro mpuzamahanga ikora neza kandi yoroshye yo gutwara abantu.
Dukurikije imibare ya Korgos Gasutamo, kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Kamena 2023, imodoka nshya 18.000 zikoresha ingufu zizajya zoherezwa mu mahanga binyuze mu cyambu cya Xinjiang Korgos, ubwiyongere bw'inshuro 3.9 buri mwaka.
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, bitewe n’igitutu cy’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere n’ingaruka z’ikibazo cy’ingufu, inkunga ya politiki ku modoka nshya zikoresha ingufu mu bihugu bitandukanye yakomeje kwiyongera. Bishingiye ku byiza by’uruhererekane rw’inganda, ibicuruzwa bishya by’ingufu byoherezwa mu mahanga mu Bushinwa byagaragaje iterambere rikomeye. Ariko, ubushobozi n’igihe by’ubwikorezi gakondo ntibishobora guhaza icyifuzo cy’imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu zoherezwa mu mahanga ubu. Cyane cyane nyuma y’uko ikigo cy’ingufu cya “China-Europe Railway Express” gikuyeho amategeko agenga ubwikorezi bw’imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu mu Kwakira 2022, amasosiyete menshi y’imodoka yibanze ku bwikorezi bwa gari ya moshi. Kuri ubu, imodoka zakorewe mu gihugu imbere nka Great Wall, Chery, Changan, Yutong n’izindi modoka zoherejwe mu mahanga ziva ku cyambu cya Khorgos zijya mu Burusiya, Kazakisitani, Uzbekistan n’ibindi bihugu biri ku “Umuhanda n’Umuhanda”.
Lv Wangsheng, Umuyobozi wungirije w’Ishami rya Gatatu ry’Ishami rishinzwe kugenzura imisoro rya Xinjiang Horgos, yavuze ko ugereranije n’ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi, ibidukikije by’ubwikorezi bya Railway Express hagati y’Ubushinwa n’Uburayi birahamye, inzira irahamye, ntabwo byoroshye kwangiza no kwangiza imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu, kandi hari ahantu henshi hahagarara imodoka. Guhitamo amasosiyete y’imodoka Ubukire bwinshi ntabwo buzatuma inganda nshya zikora imodoka zikoresha ingufu zikomoka ku butaka bwanjye zitera imbere gusa, ahubwo bunafasha mu kwamamaza no kwamamaza imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu ku masoko ari ku "Umukandara n’Umuhanda", bityo ibicuruzwa byinshi byo mu gihugu bizagera ku isi. Kuri ubu, gari ya moshi zoherezwa mu mahanga zinyuze ku cyambu cya Khorgos zituruka cyane cyane muri Chongqing, Sichuan, Guangdong n’ahandi.
Kugira ngo imodoka zikorerwa mu gihugu imbere zishobore koherezwa mu mahanga vuba, Korgos Customs, ishami rya Urumqi Customs, isobanukirwa neza ibyo ibigo bikeneye mu kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, ikora serivisi zo gupakira ibicuruzwa ahantu runaka, iyobora ibigo gushyiraho amatangazo ajyanye n'igihe, igashyiraho abakozi biteguye gusuzuma, itunganya inzira zose z'ubucuruzi, kandi igashyira mu bikorwa uburyo bwo gupakira ibicuruzwa. Dukurikije uko ibintu bimeze, ibicuruzwa bizarekurwa bihageze, igihe cyo gupakira ibicuruzwa muri gasutamo kizaba gito cyane, kandi ikiguzi cyo gupakira ibicuruzwa muri gasutamo ku bigo kizagabanuka. Muri icyo gihe, iteza imbere politiki yo kohereza ibicuruzwa bishya mu mahanga, ishishikariza ibigo by'ubucuruzi bw'amahanga n'abakora mu bucuruzi guhugura abakora mu bucuruzi gushakisha isoko mpuzamahanga bishingikirije ku byiza bya gari ya moshi hagati y'Ubushinwa n'Uburayi, kandi igafasha imodoka z'Abashinwa kugera ku isi yose.
“Gasutamo, gari ya moshi n'andi mashami byatanze inkunga ikomeye mu gutwara imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu, ibyo bikaba ari inyungu ikomeye ku nganda nshya zikoresha ingufu.” Li Ruikang, umuyobozi wa Shitie Special Cargo (Beijing) International Logistics Co., Ltd., uhagarariye itsinda ry'imodoka, yagize ati: “Mu myaka ya vuba aha, umubare w'imodoka z'Abashinwa zoherezwa mu Burayi urimo kwiyongera buhoro buhoro, kandi Ikigo cya Railway Express cy'Ubushinwa n'Uburayi cyaduhaye uburyo bushya bwo kohereza imodoka mu mahanga. 25% by'imodoka zoherezwa mu mahanga zihagarariwe n'ikigo cyacu zoherezwa mu mahanga binyuze mu gutwara imodoka, kandi icyambu cya Horgos ni kimwe mu bicuruzwa by'ingenzi ikigo gikoresha kugira ngo gikore nk'umukozi wo kohereza imodoka mu mahanga.”
“Duhindura gahunda yo gutwara imodoka z’ubucuruzi mu kohereza mu mahanga, dushimangira imikoranire mu bijyanye no gupakira imizigo, gutunganya kohereza imodoka, nibindi, dukomeza kunoza urwego rw’imizigo n’imikorere myiza, dufungura inzira zitagira ingaruka ku bidukikije kugira ngo imodoka zihutishwe vuba, kandi duhuze byuzuye ibyo gutwara imodoka z’ubucuruzi zikenera muri gari ya moshi. Kohereza imodoka zikorerwa mu gihugu mu mahanga biroroshye kandi bikora neza, bitanga ubufasha ku bushobozi kandi bigafasha mu iterambere ry’inganda z’imodoka zo mu gihugu,” ibi byavuzwe na Wang Qiuling, injeniyeri wungirije w’ishami rishinzwe imicungire y’ibikorwa bya polisi ya Xinjiang Horgos.
Kuri ubu, kohereza imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu bitangiye kuba ingenzi mu kohereza imodoka zikorerwa mu gihugu. Ibyiza by'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu mu bijyanye n'ubukungu no kurengera ibidukikije birushaho gushyigikira "gushinga imizi" y'ibirango by'Abashinwa mu mahanga kandi bifasha kohereza imodoka mu Bushinwa mu mahanga gukomeza kwiyongera. Xinjiang Horgos Gasutamo yateze amatwi yitonze ibyo ibigo bisaba, yamamaje ubumenyi mu by'amategeko ku bijyanye na gasutamo ku bigo, yongera imikoranire n'imikoranire na sitasiyo ya gari ya moshi ya Horgos, kandi ikomeza kunoza igihe cyo kwemererwa kwa gasutamo, ishyiraho ibidukikije bitekanye, byoroshye kandi byoroshye byo kohereza imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu. Uburyo bwo kwemererwa kwa gasutamo ku cyambu bufasha imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu mu gihugu kwihutisha ku masoko yo mu mahanga.
Muri make, hamwe no kohereza imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi mu mahanga buri gihe, icyifuzo cyo kuzishyuza kizakomeza kwiyongera.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-06-2023
