Nā ngā waka hiko hou, kei te tere haere tonu te tipu o te umanga teihana utu hiko o Haina. E matapaetia ana ka tere ake anō te whanaketanga o te umanga teihana utu hiko i roto i ngā tau torutoru e whai ake nei. Ko ngā take e whai ake nei:
1) ka piki ake te tere urunga o ngā waka hiko hou ki Haina, ā, ka eke pea ki te 45% i te tau 2025;
2) ka heke anō te ōwehenga o te waka-teihana mai i te 2.5:1 ki te 2:1;
3) Kei te piki haere tonu te tautoko kaupapa here a ngā whenua o Ūropi me Amerika mō ngā waka hiko hou, ā, e matapaetia ana ka mau tonu ngā reiti tipu teitei o ngā mākete o Ūropi me Amerika i ngā rā kei te heke mai;
4) kei te teitei tonu te ōwehenga o ngā waka ki ngā pou i ngā whenua o Ūropi me Amerika, ā, he nui te wāhi ka heke iho.
I roto i tēnei horopaki, kei te kaha te rapu a ngā kamupene Haina ki te tomo ki ngā mākete o Ūropi me Amerika, ā, e matapaetia ana ka whakapiki ake i tā rātou wāhanga mākete o te ao me te whai hua nui ki te utu.
Ko te tere o te tipu o ngā hoko waka hiko hou te take matua o te tipu o ngā teihana utu. I ngā tau tata nei, kua uru te umanga waka hiko hou o Haina ki tētahi wāhanga o te whanaketanga tere o te tauine nui me te kounga teitei, ā, ko te kaha matua o te whanaketanga ahumahi kua neke atu i ngā kaupapa here a te kāwanatanga ki te tono mākete. Kei te pakari haere te hangarau o ngā waka hiko hou, ā, kei te piki haere tonu te maha o ngā waka hiko parakore. I te tau 2022, kua piki te nui o ngā hoko o ngā waka hiko parakore ki te 5.365 miriona, ā, kua eke te maha o ngā waka ki te 13.1 miriona. E ai ki te Rōpū Kaihanga Motuka o Haina, e matapaetia ana ka eke te nui o ngā hoko o ngā waka hiko hou i Haina ki te 9 miriona i te tau 2023.
I ngā tau tata nei, kua tere te tipu o te hanganga o ngā teihana utu hiko i Haina. I te tau 2022, ko te pikinga ā-tau o ngā hanganga utu hiko he 2.593 miriona waeine, ā, i roto i ēnei kua piki ake ngā teihana utu hiko tūmatanui mā te 91.6% i ia tau, ā, ko ngā teihana utu hiko tūmataiti me ngā waka kua piki ake mā te 225.5% i ia tau. I te marama o Tīhema 2022, ko te tapeke o ngā hanganga utu hiko i Haina he 5.21 miriona waeine, he pikinga ā-tau mā te 99.1%.
Kua mau tonu te tere tipu o te waka hiko hou i ngā mākete o Ūropi me Amerika i ngā tau tata nei. E ai ki ngā raraunga a Marklines, i te tau 2021, kua hokona katoatia e 2.2097 miriona ngā waka hiko hou i ngā whenua nui o Ūropi, he pikinga tau-ki-te-tau o te 73%. Kua hokona katoatia e 666,000 ngā waka hiko hou i Te Hononga o Amerika, he pikinga tau-ki-te-tau o te 100%. I ngā tau tata nei, kua piki tonu te tautoko kaupapa here a ngā whenua o Ūropi me Amerika mō ngā waka hiko hou, ā, e matapaetia ana ka mau tonu ngā tere tipu teitei o ngā mākete waka hiko hou o Ūropi me Amerika i ngā tau kei te heke mai. E matapaetia ana e te International Energy Agency ka tata ki te 14 miriona ngā hokonga o ngā waka hiko o te ao i te tau 2023. Ko te tikanga o tēnei tipu tere kua piki ake te wāhi o ngā waka hiko i te mākete motuka whānui mai i te 4% i te tau 2020 ki te 14% i te tau 2022, ā, e matapaetia ana ka piki ake anō ki te 18% i te tau 2023.
He tere te tere tipu o ngā waka hiko hou i Ūropi me te Hononga o Amerika, ā, he nui tonu te ōwehenga o ngā waka tūmatanui ki ngā teihana utu. Kei muri te ahunga whakamua o te hanganga o ngā teihana utu i Ūropi me te Hononga o Amerika, ā, he nui ake te ōwehenga o ngā waka ki ngā teihana utu i tērā i Haina. Ko ngā ōwehenga waka-teihana i Ūropi i te tau 2019, 2020, me te 2021 he 8.5, 11.7, me te 15.4, ia, ko ērā i te Hononga o Amerika he 18.8, 17.6, me te 17.7. Nō reira, he nui te wāhi hei heke i te ōwehenga waka-teihana i Ūropi me te Hononga o Amerika, e whakaatu ana he nui tonu te wāhi hei whanaketanga i roto i te mekameka ahumahi teihana utu.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-05-2023
